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	<title>Comments for SeekerBlog</title>
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	<link>http://seekerblog.com</link>
	<description>Seeking reliable, objective sources on economics and energy-policy issues</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Fri, 10 Feb 2012 09:41:16 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>Comment on Nuclear cost competitive with coal in China and the US Southeast by Steve Darden</title>
		<link>http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/09/nuclear-cost-competitive-with-coal-in-china-and-the-us-southeast/#comment-4092</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Steve Darden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 10 Feb 2012 09:41:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://stevedarden.wordpress.com/?p=1607245830#comment-4092</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&lt;p&gt;I agree that it looks like LFTR will be cheaper/simpler to manufacture. But we won&#039;t know until we&#039;ve done the piloting. Personally I think the USA should lead a global cooperation to rapidly build pilots then commercial scale of LFTR and IFR. Per Peterson can probably make a strong case to add the AHTR to make 3 parallel programs. The required funding is round-off-error level (as Bill Gates keeps emphasizing) even for little Australia.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There are obvious deals to be negotiated on the IP sharing - e.g., China, India, GE Hitachi, Toshiba, etc.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A useful up-to-date discussion was &lt;a href=&quot;http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/10/low-carbon-development-in-the-united-states-and-china/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;just released by Brookings&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I agree that it looks like LFTR will be cheaper/simpler to manufacture. But we won&#8217;t know until we&#8217;ve done the piloting. Personally I think the USA should lead a global cooperation to rapidly build pilots then commercial scale of LFTR and IFR. Per Peterson can probably make a strong case to add the AHTR to make 3 parallel programs. The required funding is round-off-error level (as Bill Gates keeps emphasizing) even for little Australia.</p>
<p>There are obvious deals to be negotiated on the IP sharing &#8211; e.g., China, India, GE Hitachi, Toshiba, etc.</p>
<p>A useful up-to-date discussion was <a href="http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/10/low-carbon-development-in-the-united-states-and-china/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">just released by Brookings</a>.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Nuclear cost competitive with coal in China and the US Southeast by Frank Eggers</title>
		<link>http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/09/nuclear-cost-competitive-with-coal-in-china-and-the-us-southeast/#comment-4090</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Frank Eggers]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 10 Feb 2012 07:54:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://stevedarden.wordpress.com/?p=1607245830#comment-4090</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Mass manufacturing is important to get the cost down.

One of the several advantages of the liquid fluoride thorium reactor (LFTR) is that it would be easier to manufacture that type of reactor in a factory.  The fact that it does not require a pressure vessel and can be considerably smaller would make factory production more practical.  Perhaps the containment vessel could not be factory manufactured, but because the containment vessel could be considerably smaller and of lighter construction, it would cost far less.

I still believe that we should be putting considerable effort into developing LFTR technology but considering the time required to do so and the fact that we cannot be TOTALLY certain that the LFTR is the best way to go, it seems that we should continue uranium technology for the present.  And, China is believed to be working on LFTR technology.  Surely it would be best not to risk being left behind.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mass manufacturing is important to get the cost down.</p>
<p>One of the several advantages of the liquid fluoride thorium reactor (LFTR) is that it would be easier to manufacture that type of reactor in a factory.  The fact that it does not require a pressure vessel and can be considerably smaller would make factory production more practical.  Perhaps the containment vessel could not be factory manufactured, but because the containment vessel could be considerably smaller and of lighter construction, it would cost far less.</p>
<p>I still believe that we should be putting considerable effort into developing LFTR technology but considering the time required to do so and the fact that we cannot be TOTALLY certain that the LFTR is the best way to go, it seems that we should continue uranium technology for the present.  And, China is believed to be working on LFTR technology.  Surely it would be best not to risk being left behind.</p>
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		<title>Comment on In Praise of Private Equity by Steve Darden</title>
		<link>http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/06/in-praise-of-private-equity/#comment-4077</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Steve Darden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 09 Feb 2012 09:47:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/06/in-praise-of-private-equity/#comment-4077</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Thanks heaps Frank. I understand your interest in the history of Carnegie and his similars.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks heaps Frank. I understand your interest in the history of Carnegie and his similars.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Nuclear waste: in Sweden, Finland, USA communities want spent fuel storage facilities by Frank Eggers</title>
		<link>http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/09/nuclear-waste-in-sweden-finland-usa-communities-want-spent-fuel-storage-facilities/#comment-4069</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Frank Eggers]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 09 Feb 2012 00:42:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://stevedarden.wordpress.com/?p=1607245826#comment-4069</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The solution is to recognize that there is very little waste.

What is often considered nuclear waste is actually unused fuel.  Our current nuclear technology is incapable of burning the unused fuel which is wrongly considered to be waste.  In fact, our current reactors get less than one percent of the available energy from the fuel; therein lies the problem.

The solution is to use the &quot;waste&quot; as fuel by implementing a nuclear technology that can use the &quot;waste&quot; as fuel.  If we continue to use uranium in such an inefficient manner, we will soon run out of it but, if we use it more efficiently, it will last for centuries.

Better yet, don&#039;t use uranium for nuclear fuel.  Instead, use thorium, in the liquid fluoride thorium reactor (LFTR).]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The solution is to recognize that there is very little waste.</p>
<p>What is often considered nuclear waste is actually unused fuel.  Our current nuclear technology is incapable of burning the unused fuel which is wrongly considered to be waste.  In fact, our current reactors get less than one percent of the available energy from the fuel; therein lies the problem.</p>
<p>The solution is to use the &#8220;waste&#8221; as fuel by implementing a nuclear technology that can use the &#8220;waste&#8221; as fuel.  If we continue to use uranium in such an inefficient manner, we will soon run out of it but, if we use it more efficiently, it will last for centuries.</p>
<p>Better yet, don&#8217;t use uranium for nuclear fuel.  Instead, use thorium, in the liquid fluoride thorium reactor (LFTR).</p>
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		<title>Comment on In Praise of Private Equity by Frank Eggers</title>
		<link>http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/06/in-praise-of-private-equity/#comment-4059</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Frank Eggers]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 07 Feb 2012 21:05:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/06/in-praise-of-private-equity/#comment-4059</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It just happens that I am reading the biography of Andrew Carnegie by Wall; it&#039;s about 1,000 pages long.  I&#039;ve also read the biography of John D. Rockefeller and Jay Gould.  I&#039;m reading the biographies of the industrial titans who lived during the &quot;robber baron&quot; era, i.e., the period from the Civil War to about 1900.  I have several more to go, including J. P. Morgan, and others.  I also happen to have the equivalent of a minor in economics along with my degree in business administration from the University of Minnesota (1971).

Although our government was in theory democratic during that era (1864 - 1900), it tended to be a plutocracy.  The Barons of Industry often got their way by spending huge amounts of money on political campaigns, owning newspapers to control what was published, and outright bribery of politicians and judges; they had the money to do it.  And, from a number of standpoints, Andrew Carnegie&#039;s performance was mixed.  He was heavily involved in politics in both the U.S. and in England not by running for office, but by publishing articles and supporting extremely expensive political campaigns.  For a while, he had controlling interest in several newspapers in England and Scotland.  In England, he was referred to as &quot;a star-spangled Scotsman.&quot;

Despite his faults, Andrew Carnegie probably significantly accelerated the industrialization of the U.S.  Much of what he did has modern parallels, but of course history never repeats itself exactly.  His approach to using the most modern and efficient machinery and production methods and his understanding that sunk costs often should be ignored when making investment decisions paid off.  What he did was all done via private equity, with the highly beneficial significant exceptions to him of causing the U.S. to erect protective trade barriers to protect the domestic steel industry and using his influence to get favorable national and state legislation.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It just happens that I am reading the biography of Andrew Carnegie by Wall; it&#8217;s about 1,000 pages long.  I&#8217;ve also read the biography of John D. Rockefeller and Jay Gould.  I&#8217;m reading the biographies of the industrial titans who lived during the &#8220;robber baron&#8221; era, i.e., the period from the Civil War to about 1900.  I have several more to go, including J. P. Morgan, and others.  I also happen to have the equivalent of a minor in economics along with my degree in business administration from the University of Minnesota (1971).</p>
<p>Although our government was in theory democratic during that era (1864 &#8211; 1900), it tended to be a plutocracy.  The Barons of Industry often got their way by spending huge amounts of money on political campaigns, owning newspapers to control what was published, and outright bribery of politicians and judges; they had the money to do it.  And, from a number of standpoints, Andrew Carnegie&#8217;s performance was mixed.  He was heavily involved in politics in both the U.S. and in England not by running for office, but by publishing articles and supporting extremely expensive political campaigns.  For a while, he had controlling interest in several newspapers in England and Scotland.  In England, he was referred to as &#8220;a star-spangled Scotsman.&#8221;</p>
<p>Despite his faults, Andrew Carnegie probably significantly accelerated the industrialization of the U.S.  Much of what he did has modern parallels, but of course history never repeats itself exactly.  His approach to using the most modern and efficient machinery and production methods and his understanding that sunk costs often should be ignored when making investment decisions paid off.  What he did was all done via private equity, with the highly beneficial significant exceptions to him of causing the U.S. to erect protective trade barriers to protect the domestic steel industry and using his influence to get favorable national and state legislation.</p>
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		<title>Comment on In Praise of Private Equity by Steve Darden</title>
		<link>http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/06/in-praise-of-private-equity/#comment-4053</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Steve Darden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 07 Feb 2012 08:21:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/06/in-praise-of-private-equity/#comment-4053</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Thanks - very interesting. Your Carnegie history is 10x better than mine (embarrassing since Carnegie Mellon was an alma mater for me). Is there an online Carnegie history you recommend?

Back to the private equity topic. Why did you connect Andrew Carnegie to current-day private equity?]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks &#8211; very interesting. Your Carnegie history is 10x better than mine (embarrassing since Carnegie Mellon was an alma mater for me). Is there an online Carnegie history you recommend?</p>
<p>Back to the private equity topic. Why did you connect Andrew Carnegie to current-day private equity?</p>
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		<title>Comment on In Praise of Private Equity by Frank Eggers</title>
		<link>http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/06/in-praise-of-private-equity/#comment-4048</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Frank Eggers]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 06 Feb 2012 18:57:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/06/in-praise-of-private-equity/#comment-4048</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In the 19th century, ONE reason that Andrew Carnegie&#039;s steel mills were so profitable was that he did not hesitate to scrap obsolete machinery to replace it with new and more efficient machinery, even if the obsolete machinery were less than one year old.  That proved to be a profitable approach.

On the other hand, he worked his employees for 12 hours a day, 6 or 7 days a week, and treated them as disposable; obviously that would not be acceptable.  The employees who wanted to improve their educational stati were unable to do so and the Carnegie libraries were of no use to them since they had time only to work, eat, and sleep.  Because they were fatigued, that resulted in higher error and accident rates.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In the 19th century, ONE reason that Andrew Carnegie&#8217;s steel mills were so profitable was that he did not hesitate to scrap obsolete machinery to replace it with new and more efficient machinery, even if the obsolete machinery were less than one year old.  That proved to be a profitable approach.</p>
<p>On the other hand, he worked his employees for 12 hours a day, 6 or 7 days a week, and treated them as disposable; obviously that would not be acceptable.  The employees who wanted to improve their educational stati were unable to do so and the Carnegie libraries were of no use to them since they had time only to work, eat, and sleep.  Because they were fatigued, that resulted in higher error and accident rates.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Rethinking the Way College Students Are Taught by Steve Darden</title>
		<link>http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/05/rethinking-the-way-college-students-are-taught/#comment-4041</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Steve Darden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 06 Feb 2012 04:45:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/05/rethinking-the-way-college-students-are-taught/#comment-4041</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Thanks for the real-world comments. Evidence is accumulating that students learn at different paces, and learn best with different modalities.

&lt;p&gt;One example is the NYC pilot, School of One, which is testing several modalities. &lt;a href=&quot;http://seekerblog.com/?s=%22school+of+one%22&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;This search&lt;/a&gt; will find three Seekerblog posts on the project.&lt;/p&gt;]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for the real-world comments. Evidence is accumulating that students learn at different paces, and learn best with different modalities.</p>
<p>One example is the NYC pilot, School of One, which is testing several modalities. <a href="http://seekerblog.com/?s=%22school+of+one%22" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">This search</a> will find three Seekerblog posts on the project.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Rethinking the Way College Students Are Taught by Michael Morales</title>
		<link>http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/05/rethinking-the-way-college-students-are-taught/#comment-4038</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Michael Morales]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Feb 2012 15:50:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/05/rethinking-the-way-college-students-are-taught/#comment-4038</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#039;ve been a math teacher for about three to five years (in two different places), and I&#039;m aware that I just stopped been an student, but I&#039;m trying not to forget how a student thinks, I was one of them. I try to be emphatic and seek for new ways to teach some concepts. 

Yet, I understand that good students might have a different way to explain things, and I don&#039;t mind about that, actually it makes me happy. I don&#039;t get mad if I see two students talking in class that are obviously explaining the subject. Sometimes I even thank them for helping me to explain it, specially since, as you said learned &quot;the idea such a long time ago that I can no longer understand why somebody has difficulty grasping it&quot;, no matter how hard I try to do new things.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve been a math teacher for about three to five years (in two different places), and I&#8217;m aware that I just stopped been an student, but I&#8217;m trying not to forget how a student thinks, I was one of them. I try to be emphatic and seek for new ways to teach some concepts. </p>
<p>Yet, I understand that good students might have a different way to explain things, and I don&#8217;t mind about that, actually it makes me happy. I don&#8217;t get mad if I see two students talking in class that are obviously explaining the subject. Sometimes I even thank them for helping me to explain it, specially since, as you said learned &#8220;the idea such a long time ago that I can no longer understand why somebody has difficulty grasping it&#8221;, no matter how hard I try to do new things.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Nuclear vs Nuclear vs Nuclear by Frank Eggers</title>
		<link>http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/03/nuclear-vs-nuclear-vs-nuclear/#comment-4009</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Frank Eggers]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Feb 2012 19:49:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://seekerblog.com/2012/02/03/nuclear-vs-nuclear-vs-nuclear/#comment-4009</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This approach has potential.  However, one of the things about it that makes me uneasy is that it uses sodium to transfer the heat to the steam generator.  We all know what happens when sodium comes into contact with water.  Using sodium in that manner creates a risk that is probably better to avoid.  Although a sodium accident may not endanger the public, it has the potential to do considerable and extensive damage to the reactor and surrounding equipment.

Probably a better approach would be the liquid fluoride thorium reactor (LFTR).  It too can be used to &quot;burn&quot; existing nuclear waste as fuel and should be safer and much less expensive.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This approach has potential.  However, one of the things about it that makes me uneasy is that it uses sodium to transfer the heat to the steam generator.  We all know what happens when sodium comes into contact with water.  Using sodium in that manner creates a risk that is probably better to avoid.  Although a sodium accident may not endanger the public, it has the potential to do considerable and extensive damage to the reactor and surrounding equipment.</p>
<p>Probably a better approach would be the liquid fluoride thorium reactor (LFTR).  It too can be used to &#8220;burn&#8221; existing nuclear waste as fuel and should be safer and much less expensive.</p>
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